Grove Spelling Dictionary
Three trees, twenty three heard spellings.

The Nut Grove

Trees grown for the kernel, named after a Persian nut, a Melbourne chemist and a word recorded on the Virginia coast.

Nut names are borrowed from further afield than most orchard vocabulary, and each of these three was borrowed by a different route. Pistachio came west from Persia through Greek, Latin and Italian, picking up a spelling in one language and a pronunciation in another. Macadamia is a surname. Chinquapin was written down by English colonists trying to catch an Algonquian word with an English alphabet.

The result is three words where the letters record a journey and the sound records the destination, and the two do not match at any point worth listening to.

The trees in this grove

pistachio

Pistacia vera

pi-STASH-ee-oh

English took the Italian spelling pistacchio, dropped one c, and then refused to say the letters the Italian way. In Italian the cch is a hard k. In English the surviving ch says sh, following the pattern of machine and chef. The letters are Italian and the sound is French.

macadamia

Macadamia integrifolia

mak-uh-DAY-mee-uh

It is a surname with a botanical ending bolted on. Ferdinand von Mueller named the genus in 1857 for John Macadam, a Scottish born chemist and physician working in Melbourne. Everything up to the second m is a man's name, and everything after it is Latin.

chinquapin

Castanea pumila

CHINK-uh-pin

The word is Virginia Algonquian, written down by English colonists in the early 1600s who used the spelling habits they had. One of those habits was writing a plain k sound as qu, which is why the middle of the word looks as though it should say kw and does not.